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Diabetes Treatment and Management / Regulation of Appetite and Obesity · Journal article
The Journal of Physiology · August 10, 2026
A consensus or society position rather than new primary data.
This is a narrative review of the mechanisms underlying GLP-1RA-induced weight loss, metabolic adaptations during treatment, and drivers of weight regain after discontinuation. It synthesizes existing knowledge to inform understanding of why weight loss is often regained and explores how emerging combination therapies may mitigate this challenge, but does not report original efficacy or safety data.
Narrative review. Adults with obesity undergoing weight loss by pharmacotherapy (GLP-1RAs), caloric restriction, exercise, or bariatric surgery.
GLP-1RAs are effective weight loss inducers that also improve glycaemia and lipidaemia Weight regain is common regardless of weight loss method, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear Recent research identifies metabolic adaptation, shifts in appetite-related hormones, and adipose tissue changes as potential factors in weight regain
Side effects and socioeconomic barriers often lead to treatment discontinuation
This review provides clinicians with a framework for understanding why GLP-1RA-treated patients commonly regain weight after treatment cessation and highlights the potential role of combination therapies to address metabolic adaptation and hormonal changes driving weight regain.
A narrative review synthesizing current knowledge on GLP-1RA mechanisms, metabolic adaptation, and weight regain—informative for clinical understanding but not reporting original trial data or practice recommendations.
As stated by the source record.
This review provides clinicians with a framework for understanding why GLP-1RA-treated patients commonly regain weight after treatment cessation and highlights the potential role of combination therapies to address metabolic adaptation and hormonal changes driving weight regain.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Obesity, characterized by excess gain in body fat, alters energy balance and metabolic health. Weight loss is an effective strategy to favourably restore metabolic parameters in obese condition, and this can be achieved through caloric restriction, exercise, bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy. Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and associated combination therapies have proven to be effective weight loss inducers that also contribute to improvements in glycaemia and lipidaemia. However, side effects and socioeconomic barriers often lead to treatment discontinuation, which raises concerns about the effects of cessation on metabolic health. Regardless of the weight loss method, weight regain is common, although its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recent research has explored factors such as metabolic adaptation, shifts in appetite-related hormones and changes in the adipose tissue to better understand these consequences. This review summarizes current knowledge on the metabolic and physiological responses to GLP-1RA-induced weight loss and provides insight into potential mechanisms of weight regain after GLP-1RA withdrawal. It also explores how emerging GLP-1RA-based combination therapies might help mitigate this challenge.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.