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Life sciences · Journal article
Natural Sciences and Applied Technology · September 30, 2026
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Gene therapy represents a paradigm shift in modern medicine, offering potential cures for previously untreatable genetic disorders. Despite its growing clinical relevance and increasing integration into healthcare systems, knowledge of gene therapy among future healthcare professionals remains inadequately characterized. This study aimed to (1) assess the level of knowledge regarding gene therapy among B.Sc. Nursing students; (2) examine the association between knowledge level and selected demographic variables; (3) identify specific knowledge gaps in gene therapy concepts; and (4) develop a mathematical model to predict knowledge levels based on demographic characteristics. A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 B.Sc. Nursing students at Bhaarath College of Nursing, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a 30-item semi-structured knowledge questionnaire. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, binary logistic regression, and Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis, with significance set at $p < 0.05$. Knowledge assessment revealed that 132 participants (41.25\%) demonstrated inadequate knowledge, 100 (31.25\%) had moderate knowledge, and only 88 (27.50\%) showed adequate knowledge (mean score = 15.84 $\pm$ 6.39). IRT analysis revealed that items on CRISPR technology (difficulty: $b = 2.10$) and vector mechanisms (difficulty: $b = 1.76$) were the most challenging. Chi-square analysis indicated significant associations with gender ($\chi^2 = 16.64$, $p < 0.001$, Cram\'er's $V = 0.228$) and year of study ($\chi^2 = 21.70$, $p = 0.001$, Cram\'er's $V = 0.185$). Binary logistic regression identified year of study as the strongest predictor of adequate knowledge (OR = 2.14, 95\% CI: 1.38-3.31, $p < 0.001$). The predictive model achieved 72.8\% classification accuracy. The majority of B.Sc. Nursing students possess inadequate knowledge of gene therapy. Significant associations with gender and year of study suggest that educational interventions tailored to specific demographic groups could effectively address these knowledge gaps. The identified deficits in CRISPR and vector-related knowledge provide targeted areas for curriculum enhancement.