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Autism Spectrum Disorder Research · Journal article
Journal of Neural Transmission · July 30, 2026
A consensus or society position rather than new primary data.
This is a narrative review of the neurobiological basis for speech and language alterations in child and adolescent psychiatric disorders, covering autism spectrum, schizophrenia, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and depression. The review identifies altered speech or language functions and corresponding neurobiological changes across reviewed syndromes but highlights a substantial gap in developmental research, particularly for schizophrenia and depression.
Narrative review. Literature on speech and language alterations in child and adolescent psychiatric disorders; emphasis on neuroimaging studies (EEG, MRI, fNIRS).
Each reviewed syndrome (autism spectrum, schizophrenia, ADHD, depression) shows evidence of altered speech or language functions with corresponding neurobiological changes Most available studies focus on autism spectrum; research on schizophrenia and depression generally involved adults rather than children or adolescents
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This review identifies language dysfunction as a significant feature of multiple psychiatric disorders in developing populations and highlights the need for greater neurobiological research in children and adolescents, particularly for schizophrenia and depression where most evidence is currently from adult populations.
A narrative review synthesizing evidence on language dysfunction across psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, identifying research gaps rather than reporting original empirical findings or clinical trials.
As stated by the source record.
This review identifies language dysfunction as a significant feature of multiple psychiatric disorders in developing populations and highlights the need for greater neurobiological research in children and adolescents, particularly for schizophrenia and depression where most evidence is currently from adult populations.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Language forms the foundation of social interactions, allowing us to connect with family and peers. Through speech, we express our thoughts and emotions to others. Experiencing challenges in speech and language functions during development can therefore significantly affect social relationships, cognitive and affective development. In child and adolescence psychiatry, clinicians have observed that speech and language abilities may be altered in various mental (behavioral/developmental) disorders (psychiatric disorders). This review provides an overview of systematic and original investigations exploring how speech and language are affected in child and adolescent psychiatric conditions, including autism spectrum, schizophrenia, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and depression. We emphasize research that utilized neuroimaging techniques (i.e., EEG, MRI, fNIRS) to investigate the neurobiological basis for alterations in speech or language in child and adolescence psychiatry. The findings indicate that each reviewed syndrome shows evidence of altered speech or language functions, along with corresponding neurobiological changes. Most available studies focus on autism spectrum, while research concerning schizophrenia and depression generally involved adults rather than children or adolescents. This highlights a considerable research gap in understanding (the neurobiological cause of) speech and language alterations in developing populations with psychiatric conditions.
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