Life sciences · Journal article
Educational Regent Multidisciplinary Journal · September 11, 2026
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Preeclampsia is a multifactorial hypertensive disorder of pregnancy associated with placental, vascular, immunological and metabolic abnormalities that may compromise maternal and perinatal health. Its onset and progression are associated with factors such as chronic hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, advanced maternal age, multiple pregnancy and a history of preeclampsia. The coexistence of these conditions may increase maternal susceptibility and contribute to more severe forms of the disease. The relationship between factors associated with the onset and progression of preeclampsia and maternal and perinatal outcomes was analysed through a systematic review with a qualitative approach and descriptive scope, structured in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The condition may progress to maternal complications affecting renal, hepatic, neurological and haematological function, while placental abnormalities may contribute to fetal growth restriction, prematurity and low birth weight. Early identification of associated conditions can strengthen risk stratification, optimise antenatal surveillance and support timely interventions aimed at reducing maternal and perinatal complications.