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Personality Disorders and Psychopathology · Journal article
Greenfort International Journal of Applied Medical Science · September 3, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This cross-sectional study reports that NSSI occurs in 27.8% of adults with first-episode psychosis and is strongly associated with depressive symptoms (CDSS score, B=0.181, p<0.001), but does not establish causality or temporal relationship. The association with substance use remains unclear due to conflicting unadjusted and adjusted results, and replication in a larger, multi-centre sample is needed.
Cross-sectional study. 144 adults with first-episode psychosis attending outpatient or inpatient psychiatry services at S.S.G. Hospital, Vadodara. Eligibility criteria not specified.. n = 144. S.S.G. Hospital, Vadodara (single centre, location appears to be India based on hospital name)..
NSSI prevalence 27.8% (40/144 patients with FEP) Depression (CDSS ≥6) present in 95.0% of NSSI cases (38/40) versus 63.5% without NSSI (66/104), χ²=14.23, p<0.001 Continuous CDSS score: B=0.181, Exp(B)=1.198, 95% CI 1.101–1.304, p<0.001 in regression
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Clinicians assessing FEP should screen for NSSI and recognise its high co-occurrence with depressive symptoms; the finding suggests depression management may be a key component of NSSI intervention in this group. The substance-use relationship remains uncertain and warrants further investigation.
Single-centre cross-sectional study with modest sample size and a primary finding (NSSI prevalence and depression association) that is descriptive rather than comparative; substance-use findings are internally conflicting and require replication.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
Clinicians assessing FEP should screen for NSSI and recognise its high co-occurrence with depressive symptoms; the finding suggests depression management may be a key component of NSSI intervention in this group. The substance-use relationship remains uncertain and warrants further investigation.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is clinically distinct from suicidal behavior but may coexist with substantial psychiatric morbidity. Data on NSSI in first-episode psychosis (FEP) remain limited.Objective: To describe the prevalence of NSSI in FEP and examine its association with depressive symptoms and substance use.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 144 adults with FEP attending psychiatry outpatient or inpatient services at S.S.G. Hospital, Vadodara. NSSI was assessed using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale, depression using the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), psychotic symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and insight using the Birchwood Insight Scale. Categorical associations were examined using chi-square tests; forward-likelihood-ratio regression was also reported.Results: NSSI was present in 40/144 patients (27.8%), marginally exceeding actual suicide attempts (27.1%). CDSS ≥6 was observed in 38/40 patients with NSSI (95.0%) and 66/104 without NSSI (63.5%; χ²=14.23, p<0.001). Continuous CDSS score remained significant in regression (B=0.181, Exp(B)=1.198, 95% CI 1.101–1.304, p<0.001). The unadjusted substance-use comparison was not significant (χ²=10.71, p=0.22), although the regression table reported a significant overall substance-use term (Wald=9.614, p=0.047).Conclusion: NSSI affected more than one-quarter of patients with FEP and was strongly associated with depressive symptom burden. Substance-use findings require cautious interpretation because unadjusted and regression results differed.
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