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Obesity and Health Practices / Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet / Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins · Journal article
Nutrients · August 12, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey of knowledge and prediabetes risk screening in university students, finding low knowledge of whole grains and sorghum, high prediabetes risk prevalence (63%), and strong association between obesity and prediabetes risk. The study establishes a rationale for future intervention research but does not test treatment efficacy or clinical outcomes.
Cross-sectional online survey. Undergraduate and graduate students aged 18–44 years at a single university.. n = 248. Single university (location not specified in abstract)..
63% of students were at risk of prediabetes based on CDC Prediabetes Risk Test Males had significantly higher prediabetes risk than females (mean score 1.70 ± 0.93 vs 0.64 ± 0.92, p < 0.001) Students scored low on combined sorghum and whole grain knowledge (4.21 ± 2.04)
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This needs assessment identifies knowledge gaps and high prediabetes risk prevalence in a university population, providing justification for future theory-based nutrition education interventions targeting sorghum consumption. The findings do not yet support changes in clinical practice but establish baseline understanding for intervention development.
A cross-sectional needs assessment survey in a single university population, measuring knowledge and risk via screening tools rather than clinical outcomes, establishing rationale for future intervention research rather than testing one.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This needs assessment identifies knowledge gaps and high prediabetes risk prevalence in a university population, providing justification for future theory-based nutrition education interventions targeting sorghum consumption. The findings do not yet support changes in clinical practice but establish baseline understanding for intervention development.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Objectives: The objective of this cross-sectional online survey was to determine university students’ knowledge about whole grain (WG), sorghum, and prediabetes risk. Methods: The survey included 45 items to learn about the students’ WG perception, practices, primary nutrition information source, and physical activity level (PAL). Recruitment was carried out using the university’s official email announcement and data was collected through Qualtrics. Two-hundred-and-forty-eight undergraduate and graduate students, aged 18–44 years, completed the questionnaire. Results: Sixty-three percent of the students were at risk of prediabetes based on the CDC Prediabetes Risk Test, a recommended screening tool by the National Diabetes Prevention Program. Compared to females, males were at a significantly higher risk of prediabetes and T2DM. Males had a mean ± sd score of 1.70 ± 0.93 versus females (0.64 ± 0.92), (t(246) = −9.07, p < 0.001). Participants scored low on overall knowledge (sorghum and WG combined) (4.21 ± 2.04), WG knowledge (2.82 ± 1.03) and sorghum knowledge (3.21 ± 1.23). Despite reporting a high PAL, less than half had a very good health status, with 45.2% of them having overweight or obesity. Social media was the main nutrition information source for 60% of participants. Logistic regression showed that students with obesity had almost four times greater odds compared to those with normal weight (OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.66–9.45, p = 0.002). Conclusions: These results have important public health implications, providing the rationale for our future research on a theory-based nutrition education intervention emphasizing sorghum consumption and metabolic effects on individuals with overweight and obesity, aiming to combat diet-related diseases.
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