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Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment / Ferroptosis and Cancer Prognosis · Journal article
Endocrine Related Cancer · August 12, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This single-centre scRNA-seq study of 11 BRAF-mutant PTCs (4 with lymphocytic thyroiditis, 7 without) identifies differential myeloid and thyrocyte transcriptional profiles, including reduced neutrophil recruitment and enhanced MHC-II antigen presentation in LT-associated tumours. The findings are mechanistic and hypothesis-generating, suggesting innate immune pathways that may explain the known clinical association between LT and less aggressive PTC, but lack functional validation, outcome prediction, or confirmation in independent cohorts.
Single-centre observational single-cell RNA sequencing study. BRAF-mutant papillary thyroid carcinomas; 4 with lymphocytic thyroiditis, 7 without; one sample publicly available.. Intervention: Single-cell RNA sequencing of BRAF-mutant PTC tumours with lymphocytic thyroiditis. Compared with: BRAF-mutant PTC tumours without lymphocytic thyroiditis. n = 11.
Neutrophils were the predominant myeloid cell type in PTCs without LT Thyrocytes without LT showed significant expression of neutrophil recruitment chemokine ECRG4 Neutrophils in PTC without LT expressed oncogenic genes with poor clinical outcomes
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This work suggests immune mechanisms that may underpin the established clinical observation that BRAF-mutant PTC is less aggressive when associated with LT. However, the findings are mechanistic and transcriptomic only; clinicians should not yet alter management based on these data, which require functional validation and outcome confirmation in independent cohorts.
Single-centre scRNA-seq descriptive study of 11 tumours with small LT subgroup, identifying immune mechanisms without functional validation or clinical outcome prediction.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This work suggests immune mechanisms that may underpin the established clinical observation that BRAF-mutant PTC is less aggressive when associated with LT. However, the findings are mechanistic and transcriptomic only; clinicians should not yet alter management based on these data, which require functional validation and outcome confirmation in independent cohorts.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is less aggressive when associated with lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT), even in the presence of oncogenic BRAF, including smaller tumours, less lymph node involvement, and reduced extrathyroidal extension (1). To investigate possible immune mechanisms underlying this association, we compared the tumour microenvironment of PTC-BRAF with and without LT using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Single-cell libraries were generated from fresh and fixed tumour samples with post-dissociation viability >70% using the 10x Genomics Chromium platform and sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000. We analysed scRNA-seq data from 11 PTC-BRAF tumours, including four with LT (one publicly available sample) and seven without LT. Downstream analyses included quality control, batch correction, dimensionality reduction, and differential gene expression analysis. We found neutrophils were the predominant myeloid cell type in PTCs without LT. Thyrocytes without LT showed significant expression of the neutrophil recruitment chemokine ECRG4. In the absence of LT, neutrophils expressed oncogenic genes with poor clinical outcomes. In contrast, thyrocytes from tumours with LT showed increased expression of MHC-II antigen presentation, consistent with effective immune surveillance. Thyrocytes and macrophages in the presence of LT showed enrichment of interferon gamma response pathways. Our data suggests LT in thyroid cancer is associated with enhanced antigen presentation and fewer features of pro-tumorigenic innate immune activity. These results identify previously under recognized innate immune cell population and associated transcriptomic features which suggests new mechanisms to target immune treatments in PTC refractory to other therapies.
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