Life sciences · Preprint
arXiv · September 4, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This is an unreviewed engineering preprint demonstrating that an empirically calibrated DVFS scheduler eliminates thermal throttling on a single passively cooled edge device (Raspberry Pi 5) during sustained neural network inference. The work is a feasibility and optimization study with no applicability to clinical practice or medical research and remains subject to peer review.
Single-platform empirical optimization study with ablations and internal baselines. Raspberry Pi 5 (passively cooled SoC) running YOLOv8n neural network inference workload. Intervention: Empirically calibrated DVFS scheduler with time-domain guards, absolute temperature bounds, and derivative-based spike safeguards. Compared with: Temperature-only reactive baseline and actively cooled reference system.
Scheduler eliminates all observed thermal throttling events during sustained 30-minute workloads on Raspberry Pi 5 running YOLOv8n Outperforms temperature-only reactive baseline by 6.8% higher frame rate (Cohen's d = 8.73) Consumes 1.9% less energy per frame than baseline
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Single-platform engineering optimization study with no clinical or patient outcomes; demonstrates feasibility of DVFS scheduling on one edge device but lacks generalizability, peer review, and clinical relevance.
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Passive cooling eliminates the energy overhead and mechanical failure modes of fans, making it attractive for edge deployment, yet sustained Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference on passively cooled edge Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) is bottlenecked by thermal throttling. To address this, we propose an empirically calibrated, state-aware Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) scheduler. Unlike heuristic-driven controllers, our methodology utilizes time-domain guards and absolute temperature bounds, with derivative triggers acting as safeguards against sharp thermal spikes. Evaluated on a passively cooled Raspberry Pi 5 running YOLOv8n, our scheduler eliminates all observed thermal throttling events during sustained 30-minute workloads. It outperforms a temperature-only reactive baseline by achieving a 6.8% higher frame rate (Cohen's d = 8.73) while consuming 1.9% less energy per frame. Furthermore, our optimized passive scheduling surpasses an actively cooled reference system in energy efficiency (Joules/frame), though active cooling remains superior for raw throughput. Through isolated ablations, we show that the dwell guard is necessary for run-to-run reproducibility. Finally, exploratory boundary probes indicate that the passive operating envelope closes at ambient temperatures ($\ge 27^\circ$C) where nonlinear leakage defeats DVFS-based control. These results indicate that, within the mapped envelope, correct scheduling can make mechanical cooling unnecessary for sustained edge inference on this platform.
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