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Life sciences · Journal article
In Vivo · October 29, 2026
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Background/Aim: Symptomatic incurable stage IV gastric cancer (GC) may require palliative surgery for bleeding or obstruction before systemic therapy. We examined whether procedure type-distal gastrectomy (DG), total gastrectomy (TG), or gastrojejunostomy (GJ)–is associated with nutritional/inflammatory changes, S-1 deliverability, and overall survival (OS). Patients and Methods: We retrospectively studied 49 patients who underwent palliative DG (n=13), TG (n=20), or GJ (n=16) and then received S-1 as first-line postoperative chemotherapy. Body weight, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were assessed preoperatively and before chemotherapy. Deliverability was evaluated by time to S-1 initiation, continuation beyond 3 months, and treatment modification within 3 months. OS was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models. Results: Postoperative complications were more frequent after GJ (p=0.002); time to S-1 initiation was similar among groups (p=0.144). S-1 continuation beyond 3 months was achieved in 29/49 patients (59.2%; DG 76.9%, TG 55.0%, GJ 50.0%; p=0.302). Weight loss was significantly greater after TG than after DG or GJ, and GJ showed a postoperative decline in PNI and a significantly higher pre-chemotherapy NLR than DG and TG (p=0.015 and p=0.036, respectively). Median OS was 474 days (DG: 812, TG: 422, and GJ: 293 days) and was significantly longer after DG than after TG (p=0.042) or GJ (p=0.003). In multivariate Cox analysis, chemotherapy for ≥3 months (HR=0.46, 95% CI=0.22-0.95; p=0.036) and high PNI (HR=0.31, 95% CI=0.13-0.77; p=0.012) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: In symptomatic incurable stage IV GC treated with palliative surgery followed by S-1, procedure type was associated with distinct perioperative profiles and OS. Maintaining chemotherapy and immuno-nutritional status may be clinically relevant in these patients.