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Cancer Cells and Metastasis · Journal article
Next Bioengineering · September 6, 2026
Raises a question worth testing. It does not answer one.
This is a narrative review examining 3D printing and bioprinting as potential tools for personalized oncology and neurology applications. It identifies theoretical advantages—such as fabrication of tumor microenvironments, drug delivery systems, and patient-specific models—and acknowledges regulatory and scalability challenges, but presents no original empirical evidence or clinical outcomes.
Journal article.
3D printing enables fabrication of complex tissue models, tumor microenvironments, and drug delivery systems for preclinical testing Bioprinting can generate patient-specific tumor models that mimic heterogeneity and architecture of actual cancers 3D printing supports design of implantable scaffolds capable of localized and sustained drug release to reduce systemic toxicity
No quantification of efficacy, toxicity reduction, or cost-effectiveness 3D printing supports design of implantable scaffolds capable of localized and sustained drug release to reduce systemic toxicity
This review outlines conceptual and technological opportunities for 3D printing in personalized cancer therapy but does not provide evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. Clinicians should note that applications remain largely preclinical and investigational.
This is a narrative review discussing potential applications of 3D printing in oncology and neurology without reporting empirical results, primary data, or clinical outcomes from original research.
This review outlines conceptual and technological opportunities for 3D printing in personalized cancer therapy but does not provide evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. Clinicians should note that applications remain largely preclinical and investigational.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become a life-changing technology in biomedical sciences, offers new possibilities for personalized and precise therapeutic interventions. In anticancer research, 3D printing provides a unique platform for tailored therapies. Enabling the fabrication of complex tissue models, tumor microenvironments, and drug delivery systems, this technology facilitates accurate preclinical testing and enhances predictability of therapeutic responses. Bioprinting approaches, which incorporate biomaterials, living cells, and growth factors, allow the generation of patient-specific tumor models that mimic the heterogeneity and architecture of actual cancers. These models not only improve the understanding of tumor biology but also accelerate the development of targeted drugs. Furthermore, 3D printing supports the design of implantable scaffolds and devices capable of localized and sustained drug release, thereby reducing systemic toxicity often associated with conventional chemotherapy. As the field advances, integration of nanotechnology, immunotherapy, and bioinformatics with 3D printing holds promise for the development of multifunctional therapeutic systems. While regulatory challenges, scalability, and cost remain significant hurdles, ongoing research indicates a strong potential for 3D printing to revolutionize cancer treatment. This convergence of engineering and oncology may ultimately pave the way for highly personalized, and patient-centred anticancer therapeutics.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.