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Life sciences · Journal article
Siberian Journal of Oncology · September 21, 2026
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Smoking not only leads to the development of cancer but also worsens the prognosis of cancer patients. Objective: to study the impact of smoking cessation on the prognosis of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and to compare these results with the efficacy of FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Material and Methods: a) a cohort of 1.240 patients diagnosed with NSCLC (stages I-IIIA) and 1.025 patients diagnosed with (ccRCC), b) published results of randomized clinical trials (RCTS) examining the efficacy of ICIs. Results. in patients with NSCLC (stages I-IIIa) who quit smoking, the median progression free survival (mPFS) was 21.6 months greater than that in the patients who continued smoking. mPFS achieved in patients who were treated with adjuvant nivolumab (10.8 months) and neoadjuvant pembrolizumab (16.6 months) were inferior of the results of smoking cessation. The 30 % reduction in the risk of progression hazard ratio (HR=0.70) due to smoking cessation was comparable to the 37 % reduction in the risk of progression associated with nivolumab plus chemotherapy and the 24 % reduction associated with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab. in patients with ccRCC who quit smoking 36-month benefit in mPFS in comparison with continuation of smoking, exceed all relevant results from the presented RCTs. a 49 % (HR=51) and 55 % (HR=45) reduction in the risk of overall survival (OS) and progression in ccRCC patients who quit smoking exceed the corresponding results in RCTs: risk reductions due to use of pembrolizumab (HR=0.68), nivolumab plus ipilumab (HR=0.63), and lenvantinib plus pembrolizumab (HR=0.79). The effectiveness of smoking cessation is universal and, unlike ICIs, is not limited to any clinical groups. the absence of adverse side effects also supports smoking cessation.