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Life sciences · Journal article
Current Topics in Diabetes · November 4, 2026
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Obesity and glucose metabolism disorders are among the principal public health challenges of the twenty-first century, and their clinical and epidemiological burden continues to grow despite expanding educational and preventive efforts. Although Diabetes Poland (PTD) has issued annual guidelines for the management of diabetes since 2005, no dedicated Polish recommendations had previously addressed the combined issue of overweight/obesity and glucose metabolism disorders. This document presents the first edition of such recommendations, developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel comprising specialists in diabetology, endocrinology, paediatrics, psychiatry, psychotherapy, nephrology, cardiology, hypertensiology, and human nutrition. The recommendations are based on current clinical trial evidence and existing international guidelines, with each recommendation assigned a graded strength of supporting evidence. The statement frames obesity as a complex, chronic disease of genetic, metabolic, behavioural, and environmental origin and addresses its definition, terminology, diagnosis (body mass index, waist circumference, and body composition, with age- and sex-adjusted assessment in children), epidemiology, pathogenesis, and secondary causes. It reviews the main clinical consequences, including cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic complications, hypertension, steatotic liver disease, and sexual dysfunction, and provides detailed guidance on treatment goals and monitoring, therapeutic education, dietary and lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. Separate recommendations are provided for children and adolescents, for adults over 65 years, and for the organisation of care. These recommendations integrate contemporary evidence into a practical framework intended to standardize and improve the care of people with overweight/obesity and glucose metabolism disorders.