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Cholera Vaccines / Vaccine · Journal article
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · July 23, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This qualitative study documents frontline worker and policymaker perceptions of CTC versus standard cold chain for oral cholera vaccine deployment in urban Bangladesh during a March 2024 campaign. Participants reported operational advantages of CTC including reduced transportation costs, decreased refrigeration dependency, and ambient-temperature storage for up to 14 days, but the study provides no efficacy, safety, or immunogenicity data to support clinical decision-making.
Qualitative exploratory study with purposive sampling. Volunteers and policymakers engaged in oral cholera vaccine deployment during March 2024 campaign in Southern Dhaka, Bangladesh; volunteers selected from vaccination, supervision, and record-keeping roles; policymakers involved in campaign planning. Intervention: Controlled temperature chain (CTC) strategy for oral cholera vaccine Euvichol-Plus® storage and deployment at ambient temperatures for limited periods. Compared with: Standard cold chain (SCC) with +2 to +8°C refrigeration requirements. Dania, a peri-urban area in Dhaka South City Corporation, Southern Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Vaccines could be stored at ambient temperatures for up to 14 days under CTC, enabling extended deployment with minimal wastage CTC strategy provided reduced transportation costs and decreased refrigeration dependency compared to standard cold chain CTC approach perceived as more competent in vaccine deployment, requiring fewer resources than standard cold chain
Qualitative study does not measure vaccine stability, potency, or adverse events under CTC conditions
This qualitative evidence documents operational feasibility of CTC for cholera vaccine deployment in resource-constrained urban settings but does not provide evidence of vaccine effectiveness, safety, or comparative clinical benefit. Clinicians and programme managers should view this as informational regarding logistics only, pending efficacy and safety data.
This qualitative study reports stakeholder experiences and perceptions of CTC versus standard cold chain for oral cholera vaccine delivery, but provides no efficacy data, clinical outcomes, or comparative effectiveness evidence.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This qualitative evidence documents operational feasibility of CTC for cholera vaccine deployment in resource-constrained urban settings but does not provide evidence of vaccine effectiveness, safety, or comparative clinical benefit. Clinicians and programme managers should view this as informational regarding logistics only, pending efficacy and safety data.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae, remains a significant public health issue, especially in regions prone to outbreaks. While the oral cholera vaccine (OCV) is an effective preventive tool, its use is often limited by the traditional cold chain requirements. The controlled temperature chain (CTC) provides an alternative by allowing vaccines to be stored at ambient temperatures for limited periods. This study explored participants' hands-on experiences with CTC compared with standard cold chain (SCC). This qualitative study during the March 2024 OCV campaign in Dhaka, Bangladesh, used purposive sampling, including six in-depth interviews (IDIs) with volunteers and four key informant interviews (KIIs) with policymakers. Volunteers were selected from two groups (Group A: SCC, and Group B: CTC) based on their vaccination, supervision, and record-keeping roles, while the policymakers were involved in planning during campaign deployment. The interviews observed frontline experiences and expert opinions on the feasibility, appropriateness, and logistical difficulties of both approaches. Compared to the SCC, the CTC strategy provided operational advantages, including reduced transportation costs, decreased refrigeration dependency, and easier management in the hard-to-reach areas. Participants highlighted that the vaccines could be stored at ambient temperatures for up to 14 d under CTC, enabling extended deployment with minimal wastage. Overall, the participants perceived the CTC strategy as more competent in vaccine deployment, requiring fewer resources. For improving vaccine deployment strategies in cholera prevention, this study provided practical insights by using the CTC approach.
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