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Immunotherapy and Immune Responses / Vaccines and Immunoinformatics Approaches · Review
Vaccines · August 12, 2026
A consensus or society position rather than new primary data.
This narrative review surveys technological platforms and approaches for developing personalized vaccines targeting non-communicable diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, autoimmune, and allergic conditions. It frames precision vaccinology as a convergent field integrating immunology, genomics, bioinformatics, and drug delivery, but does not report outcome data or clinical evidence of efficacy for any specific intervention.
Narrative review. Non-communicable diseases (cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, allergic diseases) and chronic viral infections; no specific enrolled cohort..
Personalized neoantigen-based vaccines are being developed for oncology applications. Multiple technological platforms exist, including mRNA and DNA vaccines, viral vectors, dendritic cell-based vaccines, nanoparticle delivery systems, and next-generation adjuvants. Tolerogenic vaccination strategies and approaches targeting pathological proteins are under investigation for neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disease.
Identifies major unresolved challenges (disease variability, antigen identification, manufacturing complexity, long-term safety) without resolving them.
This review provides a conceptual overview of emerging vaccine platforms for precision immunotherapy but does not quantify efficacy, safety, or recommend specific therapeutic changes. Clinicians should recognize it as a field survey, not evidence for practice adoption of any particular personalized vaccine.
A narrative review synthesizing the state of knowledge on personalized vaccine platforms for non-communicable diseases, offering a conceptual framework rather than original evidence of efficacy.
As stated by the source record.
This review provides a conceptual overview of emerging vaccine platforms for precision immunotherapy but does not quantify efficacy, safety, or recommend specific therapeutic changes. Clinicians should recognize it as a field survey, not evidence for practice adoption of any particular personalized vaccine.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and allergic diseases, account for a significant amount of global morbidity and mortality. Chronic viral infections have not been recognized as NCDs, despite the availability of several therapeutic vaccination strategies against oncogenic viruses, such as the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the human papillomavirus (HPV). Indeed, chronic viral infection leads to the development and progression of malignancies directly linked to the viruses. These considerations support a connection between NCDs, infectious diseases, and therapeutic vaccination. Recent advances in technology have paved the way to the use of vaccines beyond the prevention of infectious diseases, heralding innovative therapeutic and preventative strategies for a variety of chronic NCDs. Here we will review the state of the art of personalized vaccine strategies for NCDs, with an emphasis on the diverse technological platforms used to develop them, including mRNA and DNA vaccines, viral vectors, dendritic cell-based vaccines, nanoparticle delivery systems, and next-generation adjuvants. The review intends to make the case for personalized and antigen-specific vaccination strategies as a compelling option for precision immunotherapy primarily in oncology, where neoantigen-based vaccines are being developed. In addition, we will also review tolerogenic vaccination strategies, vaccination strategies targeting pathological proteins and pathways in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, and vaccine-based treatment of chronic viral infections. Current evidence about vaccines suggests that several ways are available to induce an immune response or create tolerance to a disease, and possibly altering its course instead of simply controlling the symptoms. However, many challenges are still to be overcome, including disease variability, how to identify appropriate target antigens, the complexity of manufacturing process, long-term safety, and integration with already established treatments. By virtue of the convergence of multiple fields—immunology, genomics, bioinformatics, and new delivery systems—precision vaccinology is gaining momentum. Thus, it is envisaged that personalized vaccines will be an increasingly essential component of future preventive and therapeutic approaches for non-communicable diseases.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.