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Life sciences · Journal article
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics · July 15, 2026
A consensus or society position rather than new primary data.
This is a narrative review surveying molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular disease and emerging therapeutic strategies including PCSK9 inhibitors, siRNA therapeutics, CRISPR-Cas9, stem cell therapies, nanotechnology-based delivery, and AI-assisted precision cardiology. The source identifies unmet clinical needs and proposes novel approaches but does not present original efficacy or safety data, and acknowledges that safety, delivery, ethics and cost remain barriers to clinical translation.
Narrative review. Patients with cardiovascular disorders including atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies (described conceptually, not studied).
Conventional CVD medications (statins, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium channel blockers, antiplatelet agents) associated with long-term adverse effects including drug resistance, hepatotoxicity, myopathy, renal dysfunction, bleeding risk and residual cardiovascular events Emerging strategies include PCSK9 inhibitors and inclisiran as evolution from statin monotherapy for lipid dysregulation CRISPR-Cas9-mediated and RNA therapeutics enable precise regulation of disease-associated genes
No quantification of adverse event frequencies with conventional therapies Claims about emerging therapeutics (PCSK9 inhibitors, inclisiran, CRISPR, stem cells, nanotherapies) described in concept without efficacy or safety numbers in this source
This review provides a conceptual landscape of emerging molecular targets and therapeutic modalities in cardiology, useful for understanding translational research directions. Clinicians should recognize that these emerging approaches are largely in development and face significant barriers to clinical translation; they do not yet constitute established clinical alternatives.
A narrative review synthesizing emerging molecular targets and therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular disease, offering conceptual framework rather than empirical evidence from original research.
As stated by the source record.
This review provides a conceptual landscape of emerging molecular targets and therapeutic modalities in cardiology, useful for understanding translational research directions. Clinicians should recognize that these emerging approaches are largely in development and face significant barriers to clinical translation; they do not yet constitute established clinical alternatives.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Cardiovascular disorders (CVD) have been addressed as the leading cause of global mortality and morbidity which majorly includes atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies. Its pathogenesis involves various interconnected molecular mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, mitochondrial impairment, lipid dysregulation, fibrosis and genetic alterations. The conventional pharmacological strategy of CVD includes statins, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers and antiplatelet agents. Clinically, though these medications have provided substantial improved outcomes but its long-term usage has been frequently associated with drug resistance, hepatotoxicity, myopathy, renal dysfunction, bleeding risk and residual cardiovascular events. Moreover, these primarily target symptomatic and hemodynamic abnormalities rather than the underlying molecular pathology. Recent advances in molecular cardiology and translational medicine have facilitated the development of targeted therapeutic strategies that primarily aims to overcome these limitations. Specifically, targeting dysregulated lipid pathophysiology, stains utilization has evolved to PCSK9 inhibitors and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics, such as inclisiran. Precision medication strategy has made the use of RNA therapeutics and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated which enable precise regulation of disease-associated genes. Regenerative stem cell therapies, on the other hand promoted myocardial repair and angiogenesis, while nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems improved therapeutic specificity and bioavailability. In parallel to this, AI-assisted precision cardiology has enabled early diagnosis, risk stratification, and individualized treatment planning strategies. However, despite these advances, challenges related to safety, delivery efficacy, ethical concerns and expense remain the major barriers to widespread clinical translation of these therapeutic advancements in cardiac patients. Keywords: Cardiovascular disorders, Conventional cardiac-therapeutics, PCSK9 inhibitors
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