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Life sciences · Journal article
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical Research · September 3, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This is a narrative review of antibiotic prescribing behaviour among healthcare cadres in primary care facilities in Osogbo, Nigeria. It presents synthesised evidence on prevalence, determinants, and consequences of inappropriate prescribing, but does not report original data, controlled comparisons, or a systematic search strategy. The findings are descriptive and observational, identifying barriers to guideline adherence and proposing contextual interventions rather than testing them.
Narrative literature review. Healthcare cadres in primary health care facilities in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, within a global context of antimicrobial resistance epidemiology.. Osogbo Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria; global comparative data also presented..
Global outpatient antibiotic prescribing prevalence is 34.3%, with low-income economies reporting 67.5% In Osun State, antibiotic use among hospitalised patients is 76.6%, with 96.5% of prescriptions being empirical 94.8% of surgical prophylaxis prescriptions exceed 24 hours duration
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
Clinicians in resource-limited settings should recognise that inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is multifactorial and prevalent in their context. This review highlights the need for institutional policies, provider education, and patient engagement strategies, but does not provide evidence that any specific intervention improves prescribing or patient outcomes.
A narrative review synthesising existing evidence on antibiotic prescribing behaviours and determinants in a specific Nigerian setting, without primary data collection or controlled comparison, offering descriptive findings and recommendations rather than rigorous experimental evidence.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
Clinicians in resource-limited settings should recognise that inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is multifactorial and prevalent in their context. This review highlights the need for institutional policies, provider education, and patient engagement strategies, but does not provide evidence that any specific intervention improves prescribing or patient outcomes.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Background: Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in primary healthcare settings is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Osogbo Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria, primary health centres serve as the primary entry point for infectious disease management, yet prescribing practices often deviate from evidence based guidelines due to systemic constraints. Objective: This review synthesises evidence on antibiotic prescribing behaviours among healthcare cadres in primary care facilities in Osogbo, Nigeria, examining prevalence, determinants, impacts, and existing interventions. Findings: Global outpatient antibiotic prescribing prevalence is 34.3%, with low-income economies reporting 67.5%. In Osun State, antibiotic use among hospitalised patients is 76.6%, with 96.5% of prescriptions being empirical and 94.8% of surgical prophylaxis exceeding 24 hours. Key determinants include provider knowledge gaps (only 22.3% of Nigerian physicians demonstrate adequate AMR knowledge), institutional factors (lack of operational policies, drug availability issues, and pharmaceutical marketing pressure), and patient-related pressures (58.3% of prescribers cite patient insistence). Consequences include adverse drug events, increased healthcare costs (resistant infections cost 287% more to manage), and escalating AMR—currently causing 1.27 million direct deaths annually worldwide. Conclusion: Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in Osogbo's primary health centres is pervasive, driven by multifactorial barriers. Effective interventions require context-specific strategies, including provider education, audit and feedback systems, clinical decision support tools, and strengthened regulatory enforcement.
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