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Life sciences · Journal article
Atherosclerosis Plus · October 1, 2026
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Introduction. Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), defined as the expansion of a subset of hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells driven by acquired mutations, represents a novel cardiovascular risk factor. Its role in patients with high-grade carotid stenosis remains to be evaluated.Patients and methods. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) involving 30 genes implicated in CH was used as diagnostic-grade assay (SOPHiA DDM Myeloid Solution) to screen for CH in 83 prospectively collected patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic high-grade carotid stenosis undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA).Results. Clonal markers were detected in 16 (19.7 %) of 83 patients (median age 71.2 years), with prevalence increasing at advanced age. At 5-year follow-up, CH carriers showed a higher cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; P = 0.040) compared to patients without CH; all-cause mortality did not differ significantly between groups (P = 0.57). Cox regression revealed a significant association between CH and MACE in a univariable model (P = 0.047), which remained significant after multivariable adjustment for age and sex (P = 0.018). Exploratory analyses suggested that the association between CH and MACE may differ according to carotid stenosis severity, with an increased incidence of MACE observed in patients with <90 % stenosis and concomitant CH, an effect absent in patients with ≥90 % stenosis (P interaction = 0.03).Discussion and conclusions. CH was associated with an adverse 5-year outcome in patients with carotid artery stenosis. These findings identify CH as a hematologic contributor to post-interventional cardiovascular risk and indicate that assessment of CH may offer additional prognostic information for residual risk stratification.