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Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research / Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment · Journal article
Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal · August 17, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This cross-sectional study of 50 men with prostate cancer found AR expression positivity in 64% (33/50) and detected statistical associations between AR intensity and serum PSA (P=0.025) and clinical stage (P=0.038), but no correlation with Gleason score. The findings suggest AR expression may be a candidate prognostic marker, but lack a control population, clinical outcome endpoints, and external validation.
Cross-sectional, observational, hospital-based study. Men diagnosed with prostate cancer confirmed by histology; hospital-based recruitment; age 38–87 years.. Intervention: Immunohistochemistry assessment of prostatic androgen receptor expression. n = 50. Nigeria (publication in Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal; specific centre not named).
Fifty men enrolled, aged 38–87 years; 33 (64.0%) showed positive AR immunoreactivity with median intensity 30.00% Significant association between AR expression and serum PSA (P=0.025) with weak positive correlation between AR intensity and PSA Significant correlation between AR expression intensity and clinical stage (P=0.038)
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AR expression quantification may have future prognostic value, but this preliminary single-centre study lacks the sample size, control group, and outcome data needed to guide clinical decision-making. Replication and prospective validation against treatment response and survival are required before clinical implementation.
Small single-centre cross-sectional study (n=50) examining AR expression as a potential biomarker; lacks a comparator group and reports only associational findings without clinical outcome data.
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AR expression quantification may have future prognostic value, but this preliminary single-centre study lacks the sample size, control group, and outcome data needed to guide clinical decision-making. Replication and prospective validation against treatment response and survival are required before clinical implementation.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. There has been a stage migration among the population with PCa in developed countries since the introduction of the tumor marker, prostate-specific antigen. It has also been found that patients respond differently to androgen deprivation therapy. A large proportion of PCa arises from androgen-dependent secretory epithelial cells. Objectives: This study quantified prostatic androgen receptor (AR) expression in men with prostate cancer (PCa) and evaluated the possible association of the AR expression with various prognostic parameters in patients with PCa. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional, observational and prospective hospital-based study of patients diagnosed with PCa. All the study participants had clinical evaluation, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and a prostate biopsy for histological confirmation and staging. The histologically proven adenocarcinoma specimens were subjected to immunohistochemistry for AR status. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (R) version 22. AR expression and its relationship to the clinical and histological stages were analysed using the paired t -test, Chi-squared test and Pearson’s correlation as appropriate. Significance level ( P -value) was set at 0.05. Results: Fifty men (aged 38–87 years) were enrolled in the study. Thirty-three (64.0%) patients had positive immunoreactivity with a median intensity of 30.00%. There were a significant association between the AR expression and the serum PSA and a weak positive correlation between AR intensity and PSA (both P- values were 0.025). There was also a significant correlation between the intensity of AR expression and the clinical stage ( P = 0.038); however, no correlation was observed between the AR expression and the Gleason score. Conclusion: The expression of ARs in men with PCa in our study was 66%, and this showed a correlation with PSA levels. A positive correlation was observed between the intensity of AR expression, PSA and clinical stage. Pre-treatment determination of prostatic AR expression exhibits potential for clinical application as a prognostic biomarker.
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