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Life sciences · Journal article
Frontiers in Pharmacology · October 20, 2026
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Background Targeted anti-tumor therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have improved clinical outcomes and survival across multiple cancers but are associated with clinically significant dermatologic, neurological, gastrointestinal, hematologic, and immune-related toxicities that compromise adherence and quality of life. Objectives This scoping review aimed to systematically map the available evidence on nursing interventions used to prevent, monitor, and manage adverse effects associated with targeted anti-tumor therapies in adult cancer patients. Methods Eligible studies were English-language publications conducted between 2015 and 2025 that focused on nurse-led or nursing-centered interventions addressing the adverse effects of targeted anti-tumor therapies in adult oncology populations. Data were charted using a standardized form and synthesized descriptively by intervention type and adverse-effect domain. Results Of 742 records identified, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Study designs included two quasi-experimental studies and one randomized controlled trial protocol two cohort studies, seven narrative or integrative reviews, and two clinical practice guidelines. Five principal intervention categories were identified: patient education and self-management support; nurse-led oral targeted-drug management and continuity-of-care programs; home-based multidisciplinary interventions; telephone and telehealth-based toxicity monitoring; and symptom-specific supportive-care strategies. Across diverse settings, structured nursing interventions reduced toxicity burden, improved medication adherence, decreased unplanned healthcare use, and enhanced patient-reported quality of life and psychosocial outcomes. Conclusion Nurse-led interventions may have an important and promising role in supporting the safe and effective use of targeted anti-tumor therapies in adults with cancer. Integrating structured education, continuity of care, multidisciplinary collaboration, and telehealth-enabled monitoring into routine oncology practice may optimize toxicity management and support treatment adherence. Further multicenter trials are needed to evaluate nursing protocols for antibody-drug conjugate-induced neuropathy and immune-related adverse events and to examine long-term clinical and economic outcomes. Systematic Review Registration https://osf.io/5nvfe/identifier, 5nvfe.