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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / Neoplasms · Journal article
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · June 30, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This bibliometric study maps the global research landscape of ICI-associated cardiotoxicity from 2016 to 2025, analyzing publication trends, collaboration networks, citation patterns, and keyword evolution across 1,127 articles. The analysis reveals a 26.2-fold increase in annual publications (from 9 in 2016 to 236 in 2025, compound annual growth rate 43.8%) and identifies three major research domains: immune-mediated cardiovascular phenotypes, PD-1/PD-L1 mechanisms, and multidisciplinary risk management. This descriptive analysis characterizes the intellectual structure and evolving priorities of the field but does not assess clinical interventions or patient outcomes.
Bibliometric analysis with co-word and temporal visualization. 1,127 original articles and reviews on ICI-associated cardiotoxicity published 2016–2025; corpus involved 67 countries, 2,430 institutions, and 8,842 authors.. n = 1,127. Global; 67 countries represented. China produced most publications; United States highest citation count. Leading institution: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center..
Annual publication output increased from 9 in 2016 to 236 in 2025, representing a 26.2-fold rise with compound annual growth rate of 43.8% Cumulative publication output fitted by quadratic polynomial model with R² = 0.9973 Analysis comprised 1,127 original articles and reviews from 67 countries, 2,430 institutions, and 8,842 authors
ICI-associated myocarditis mortality cited as 30–50% in background; this is a literature-based figure, not a finding of the present study Temporal analysis shows shift from toxicity recognition toward mechanistic elucidation, diagnostic standardization, risk stratification, and cardiovascular outcome assessment
This bibliometric analysis does not directly inform clinical practice or outcomes. It is useful for researchers and policy makers seeking to understand the structure, gaps, and emerging priorities in ICI cardiotoxicity research, but clinicians should consult systematic reviews, guidelines, and clinical trials for evidence on diagnosis, management, and prevention.
This is a bibliometric and visualization analysis of published literature on ICI cardiotoxicity, not a clinical trial or systematic review; it maps research trends and collaboration patterns but does not generate new clinical evidence or test interventions.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This bibliometric analysis does not directly inform clinical practice or outcomes. It is useful for researchers and policy makers seeking to understand the structure, gaps, and emerging priorities in ICI cardiotoxicity research, but clinicians should consult systematic reviews, guidelines, and clinical trials for evidence on diagnosis, management, and prevention.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed oncologic practice, but their expanding use has heightened concern about potentially fatal cardiovascular toxicity. This bibliometric study mapped the global research landscape and temporal evolution of ICI-associated cardiotoxicity from 2016 to 2025. Records were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on January 1, 2026. After excluding letters, conference abstracts, editorials, and other non-research items, 1,127 original articles and reviews were analyzed. A thesaurus file standardized synonyms, abbreviations, spelling variants, and singular-plural forms before keyword co-occurrence analysis. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to evaluate publication trends, collaboration networks, citation structures, keyword clusters, temporal patterns, and burst terms. The corpus involved 67 countries, 2,430 institutions, and 8,842 authors. Annual output increased from 9 publications in 2016 to 236 in 2025, representing a 26.2-fold rise and a compound annual growth rate of 43.8%; cumulative publication output was well fitted by a quadratic polynomial model (R2 = 0.9973). China produced the most publications, whereas the United States achieved the highest citation count. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Javid Moslehi, and Frontiers in Oncology were the leading institution, author, and journal, respectively; The New England Journal of Medicine was the most frequently co-cited journal. Keyword mapping delineated three domains: immune-mediated cardiovascular phenotypes, PD-1/PD-L1-related mechanisms, and multidisciplinary risk management. Temporal and burst analyses indicated a shift from toxicity recognition toward mechanistic elucidation, diagnostic standardization, risk stratification, and cardiovascular outcome assessment. Emerging low-frequency but rapidly strengthening terms highlight growing attention to combination-regimen safety, patient-level risk assessment, evidence synthesis, and long-term cardiovascular outcomes.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.