Loading
Life sciences · Journal article
Letters in Food Research · November 5, 2026
No summary has been generated for this record yet. What follows is drawn from its source metadata only.
Journal article.
No findings were extractable from the material analysed.
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
The source did not state who this applies to in practice.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
This record has not been graded across any dimension yet. Treat the label above as provisional and read the source.
What is missing. This record has no bottom line, key findings, reported figures, evidence dimensions. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Proteus mirabilis represents a critical challenge for both clinical medicine and food safety. This opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen transmits through contaminated food chains and exhibits intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive resistance mechanisms. Intrinsic resistance is driven by constitutive lipopolysaccharide modifications, efflux pumps, and chromosomal β-lactamases. Meanwhile, horizontal gene transfer mediates the acquisition of extended-spectrum β-lactamases, AmpC enzymes, carbapenemases, and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Adaptive traits, including swarming motility, urease-driven alkalinization, and crystalline biofilm formation, further enhance tolerance and persistence. Conventional antibiotics are increasingly ineffective against multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains, highlighting an urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Complementary strategies such as phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas gene editing, nanoparticles, urease and swarming inhibitors, and plant-derived phytochemicals, have emerged as promising alternatives. Each approach offers unique advantages such as biofilm disruption, precision targeting, or multi-site antimicrobial activity, but faces limitations related to delivery, toxicity, or potency. Future directions require standardized manufacturing, rapid diagnostics, and innovative trial designs that integrate combination therapies to maximize efficacy while minimizing resistance risks. By advancing multi-targeted interventions, the scientific and clinical communities can counteract the resilience of P. mirabilis and safeguard public health and food systems.