Loading
Life sciences · Journal article
Acs Omega · September 12, 2026
No summary has been generated for this record yet. What follows is drawn from its source metadata only.
Journal article.
No findings were extractable from the material analysed.
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
The source did not state who this applies to in practice.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
This record has not been graded across any dimension yet. Treat the label above as provisional and read the source.
What is missing. This record has no bottom line, key findings, reported figures, evidence dimensions. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Abstract Exatecan, a potent topoisomerase 1 inhibitor and a potent anticancer agent, is derived from naturally occurring camptothecin. Its clinical development has been halted due to dose-limiting toxicities and a shorter plasma half-life in humans. To overcome these challenges, we synthesized a novel human serum albumin nanoparticle (Exa-HSA-NPs) for selective cancer therapy. The Exa-HSA-NPs exhibited a uniform spherical morphology with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 147 nm, zeta potential of −24 mV, and a very low polydispersity index (PDI < 0.1). STEM-EDS mapping confirmed homogeneous distribution of exatecan within the albumin medium. In vitro release kinetics demonstrated pH-responsive, sustained drug release for up to 9 days, with faster release in acidic (tumor-like) conditions. Molecular docking of exatecan with HSA revealed the formation of a stable complex stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Exa-HSA-NPs displayed potent cytotoxicity in oral cancer (AW13516) and lung cancer (A549) cells, with significantly reduced toxicity in non-cancerous HEK293T cells. Cellular uptake analysis revealed preferential NPs internalization in cancer cells (70% in AW13516, 63% in A549) compared with normal cells (27%), consistent with gp60 and SPARC-mediated albumin uptake mechanisms. Apoptosis assays confirmed selective induction of cancer cell death with minimal impact on normal cells. The Exa-HSA-NPs exhibited excellent biodegradability and hemocompatibility, indicating favorable safety and potential for clinical translation. Overall, Exa-HSA-NPs offer a promising strategy for the sustained, selective tumor delivery of exatecan, with an improved therapeutic index and reduced systemic toxicity.