Life sciences · Journal article
World Journal of Cardiology · November 5, 2026
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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease often coexists with obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD).However, cardiovascular clinics often do not assess liver fibrosis risk.Incretin-based therapies can reduce cardiovascular events and improve steatohepatitis histology.Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have hard endpoint benefits in heart failure (HF) and CKD.Combination therapy has only observational signals and lacks prospective validation.This review proposes a fibrosis-4 index based triage to identify three phenotypes: Obesity/metabolic burden, cardiovascular disease, and HF/CKD.Fibrosis stage is used as an independent modifier.