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Cancer Related Molecular Mechanisms Research · Journal article
Discover Oncology · September 7, 2026
Raises a question worth testing. It does not answer one.
This is a narrative review synthesizing current knowledge of long non-coding RNA roles in cancer stem cell biology and therapeutic resistance. The source describes molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies (antisense oligonucleotides, siRNAs, CRISPR, nanoparticles) but does not report clinical trial data, efficacy results, or outcomes in patients.
Journal article. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and tumors expressing lncRNAs; no patient population studied in this review..
lncRNAs regulate stemness-associated pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, Hippo/YAP, TGF-β, and PI3K/AKT signaling to sustain CSC phenotypes lncRNAs influence CSC properties: self-renewal, proliferation, survival, differentiation, metabolic plasticity, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, immune evasion, and drug resistance lncRNAs may serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, recurrence monitoring, and therapeutic response evaluation
Source acknowledges but does not resolve delivery, off-target, and safety barriers to clinical translation. Clinical translation of lncRNA-targeted therapies remains limited by tumor heterogeneity, context-dependent lncRNA functions, delivery efficiency, off-target effects, and safety concerns
This review identifies lncRNA-based therapeutic approaches as potential future strategies but emphasizes that clinical translation remains limited and preclinical. Clinicians should view this as an emerging mechanistic framework requiring validation in clinical trials before adoption in practice.
This is a narrative review synthesizing mechanistic evidence and preclinical findings about lncRNAs in cancer stem cells, raising questions for investigation rather than reporting clinical trial results or definitive empirical evidence.
This review identifies lncRNA-based therapeutic approaches as potential future strategies but emphasizes that clinical translation remains limited and preclinical. Clinicians should view this as an emerging mechanistic framework requiring validation in clinical trials before adoption in practice.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small but highly plastic subpopulation of tumor cells that play essential roles in tumor initiation, heterogeneity, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and recurrence. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of CSC biology through diverse molecular mechanisms. They can modulate chromatin architecture, epigenetic modifications, transcriptional activity, RNA stability, alternative splicing, protein function, signaling pathway activation, intercellular communication, and even micropeptide production. Through these regulatory modes, lncRNAs influence key CSC properties, including self-renewal, proliferation, survival, differentiation, metabolic plasticity, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, immune evasion, and drug resistance. Increasing evidence indicates that lncRNAs regulate major stemness-associated pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, Hippo/YAP, TGF-β, and PI3K/AKT signaling, thereby sustaining CSC phenotypes and promoting tumor progression. In addition, CSC-associated lncRNAs may serve as promising biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence monitoring, and therapeutic response evaluation. Therapeutic strategies targeting lncRNAs, including antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNAs, CRISPR/Cas-based approaches, and nanoparticle-mediated delivery systems, offer potential opportunities to eliminate CSCs and overcome treatment resistance. However, the clinical translation of lncRNA-targeted therapies remains limited by tumor heterogeneity, context-dependent lncRNA functions, delivery efficiency, off-target effects, and safety concerns. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA action, discuss the functional roles of lncRNAs in CSC regulation, and highlight their clinical implications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. A deeper understanding of lncRNA-mediated CSC regulation may provide new insights into cancer progression and support the development of more precise strategies to prevent tumor relapse and improve therapeutic outcomes.
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